Oven for gas and vapor stoves.



c. STEADMAN. OVEN FOR GAS AND VAPOR STOVES.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 4. l9l6.

1 09,348, Patented Dec. 19, 1916.

3 SHEETS-SHEET I.

C. H. STEADMAN.

OVEN FOR GAS AND VAPOR 'STOVES.

APPLICATION HLED APR. 4.1916.

1,209,348. Patented Dec. 19, 1916.

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C. H. STEADIVIAN.

OVEN FOR GAS AND VAPOR STOVES.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 4. 1916.

1 09,348 Patented Dec. 19, 1916.

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CHAR-LES H. STEADIVIAN, 0F MARIETTA, OI-IIO.

OVEN FOR GAS AND VAPOR STOVES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 19, 1916.

Application filed April 4, 1916. Serial No. 88,858.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, CHARLES H. STEAD- MAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Marietta, in the county of Washington and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Ovens for Gas and Vapor Stoves, of which the follow ing is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawing.

This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in ovens for gas and vapor stoves, the object of the invention being to provide an oven which can be readily converted into two superposed ovens so as to' diminish the cubic capacity of the oven in such a manner that when the division plate is in position, a pair of ovens will be formed'in which the degree of temperature will be varied so that the lower oven can be used for quick baking and the upper oven for slow baking.

Another object of my invention is to pro vide an oven with side flues for conveying the hot air and the products of combustion from the burner chamber to the upper portion of the lower oven, and to the lower portion to the upper oven, whereby articles placed in the lower oven will be browned on the top by the products of combustion entering the inlet openings of the side fiues.

Another object of my invention is to provide an oven construction in which the side flues terminate in deflectors so as to deflect the hot air andproducts of combustion centrally into the upper oven.

Another object of. my invention is to provide an oven in which a removable division plate is employed having a flange at its forward edge adapted to contact with a flang of a swinging door so as to make a tight= joint between the door and chambers formec by said division plate, said door being pro vided with an auxiliary door which can b opened independently to form access to th lower oven chamber without opening th upper oven chamber whereby the desirec degree of temperature can be maintained in the upper oven chamber.

Another and "further object of the inven tion is to provide an oven for gas and vapo stoves which is so constructed that the hea by radiation and circulation is evenly dis tributed in the superposed oven chambers formed by the division plate so that the degree of temperature in the upper chambers will be maintained at a predetermined degree of temperature regardless of the opening and closing of the door of the lower chamber.

Another and still further object of the invention is to provide an oven with a division plate forming a top for the lower chamber, and a bottom for the upper chamber, said division plate being capable of being removed and placed adjacent the topv of the upper chamber so as to increase the cubic capacity of the oven, the flues being so arranged that the hot air and products of combustion by radiation and circulation will be properly distributed when said division plate is arranged within the upper portion of the chamber so that the enlarged baking chamber thus formed will thorougnly bake the articles placed therein.

Another and further object of the invention is to provide an oven which is formed with insulating dead air chambers on its sides to insulate the same so as to retain the temperature within the side flues which are formed independently of each other for the upper and lower chamber and in such ianner that the heat units and products of combustion are distributed from the burner chamber under the bottom plate of the oven, and caused to circulate through the lower side fines of the lower oven, a portion of the heat units and products of combustion passing into the lower oven adjacent the division plate forming the top thereof so as to brown the articles placed within the lower chamber,

the other products of combustion passing up the side flues into the upper chamber against the deflectors so as to cause the products of combustion and hot air to be deflected inwardly toward the center of the oven in order to distribute the hot air and products of combustion in the upper chamber said products of combustion and hot air passing out of the upper chamber into side flues from which they are discharged into back fines and carried out through a ventilating or stove pipe.

Another object of the invention is to provide an oven in which the superposed oven chambers are heated by radiation as well as circulation, the bottom plate of the lower oven being formed of metal and arranged over the burners in such a manner that the lower portion of the lower oven is heated by radiation and the upper portion thereof by circulation of the hot air and products of combustion from the side flues, spaced inlet and outlet openings being arranged within the side walls of the lower oven so as to allow the hot air and products of combustion to enter the lower chamber and to pass out of the lower chamber under the division plate from which they are conveyed by the side fines into the upper oven chamber and through-themedium ofthe side and back flues thereof; they are conveyed to the ventilating pipe wherebythe circulation is increased.

I am aware that I am not the first inrthe art to provide an oven with a removable division plate for increasing or diminishing the cubic capacity of the same, but in prior constructions when the division plate is in adjusted position, the side fines were closed in *aihorizontal alinement with the division plate so as'to cause the hot air and products of combustion to enter the lower chamber and to pass out of the same through various forms of flues which produced an oven formed of a pair of superposed chambers, one 'of which could be used for baking and the other only as a warming chamber, as prior to my invention an oven for arms or vapor stove had never been constructed with non-communicating superposed side fines, the lower side fiues conveying the hot air and products of combustion from the burner chamber directly into both of the oven chambers andthe upper side flues conveying the products of combustion and hot air from the upper chamber to the back flues in order to produce an oven with a pair of baking chambers in'which the degree of tempera ture varied approximately one hundred degrees to produce a quick baking oven and aslow baking oven.

Other'and'further objects and advantages of the invention will be hereinafter set forth and "thenovel features "thereof defined by the appended claimes.

In'the'drawings, Figure 1 is a front elevationof a stove showing the application of my improved oven thereto. Fig. '2 is a vertical'section through'my improved construction'of oventaken on the line 2 2 of door 3 showing the air inlets and outlets for suppplying air freely to the burner chamber. 7 7

Like numerals of reference refer to like parts'in the several figures of the drawing.

In the drawing, 1 indicates a stove top mounted upon the 'usual legs having a casing 2 mounted thereon over one of the burners forming an oven as disclosed in the application of Anselm T. Nye filed January 27, 1916, Serial No. 745%. The oven thus formed is provided with a'door 3 having air inlets 4 and outlets 4% for supplying air freely to a burner 5 arranged within the burner chamber 6 formed by a casting 6, mounted on the top of the casing 2. The casting 6 is also provided with air inlets 6 in orderto supply the burner 5-with a suf icient'amount of. air so as to cause the heated the casting 6 asshown'iniFig. '2 toform'the outer wall of the oven structure. The casing 7 is provided'with insulating dead air chambers 8 o'n'its sides formed'by spaced plates 8 and with baclrfiuesf) andlO formed by a plate "11 spaced. from the back wall of the. casing 7, said plate being sup ported centrally by a "division :strip 11 to produce verticalparallellfiurs 9 and 10. The plate 11 is enlarged-horizontally at its upper end as shown at 12 to increase the capacity of the flues to enable a. stove or V ventilating pipe, not shown,to be connected to a'thimble 13 mounted on the top of the casing 7 and communicatingwith the vertical flues 9 and 10 for conveying the :hot air and odors from the stove.

The front ofrthe casing 7 is open and arranged thereon is a'door frame or plate 14 forming a closure for the side flues which will be hereinafter :fully described. The frame 14 is provided with a pivoted door '15 having an auxiliary door 16 capable of being raised andloweredindependently of the swinging movement of'the door 15 to form access to the interior of the lower oven without openingthe complete door. The door 15 -is preferably provided with glass plates 17 to enable the articles being baked within the oven to be inspected, and is constructed with a centrally horizontally disposed flange 18, the purpose of which will be hereinafter fully described, the detailed construction of the door shown in this application being the subject matter of an application filed by Anselm T. Nye even date herewith.

The upper portion of the oven chamber thus formed is provided with side fiues 19 and 20' formed by plates 19 and 20 spaced from the plates 8 forming the inner walls of the dead air chambers. The back fiues 9 and 10 are provided with inlet openings 9 and 10' communicating with the side fiues 19 and 20 in order to allow the hot air and products of combustion to escape from the side flues into the back lines. The plates 19 and 20' forming the inner walls of the side fines are provided with inlet openings 22 adjacent the front of the oven in order to allow hot air and products of combustion to escape from the oven into the side flues to produce a circulation through the side flues into the back flues through the openings 9 and 10.

The lower portions of the plates 19 and 20' forming the inner walls of the side flues 19 and 20 are inclined as shown at 23 forming closures for the bottoms of the fines and providing deflectors for deflecting the hot air and products of combustion toward the center of the oven. The plates 19 and 20' are extended downwardly as shown at 23 and are provided with hangers 24 extending laterally therefrom on which are detachably mounted ribbed side pieces 25 forming the inner walls of the lower side flues 26 which are arranged in vertical alinement with the upper side fiues 19 and 20, said lower side flues being provided with open bottoms communicating with the burner chamber 6 formed by the casting 6 whereby the hot air and products of combustion produced in the burner chamber will circulate through the lower side fiues 26 upwardly, and be brought into contact with the deflectors formed by the inclined bottoms of the upper lines so as to direct the hot air and products of combustion centrally into the lower portion of the upper oven chamber.

The casting 6 is provided with L-shaped supports 6 upon which the lower ends of the ribbed side pieces 25 are supported in order to hold the side pieces the proper distance from the dead air walls of the oven. The lower ends of the ribbed side pieces 25 are angled as shown at 27 forming supports for a metal bottom plate 28 arranged over the burner 5 which forms a top for the burner chamber, said plate being preferably provided with a central opening closed by a lid 29 in order to provide means for cooking vegetables which give forth unpleasant odors, as by removing the lid and placing a vessel in the opening of the plate 28., the odors rising from the vegetables placed within the vessel will be conveyed out through the flues of the stove without escaping into the room. The plate 28 is supported centrally by an angular bracket 30 extending outwardly from the rear wall of the casting 6.

The ribbed side pieces 25 forming the inner walls of the lower side lines 26 are provided with supports 31 at their upper ends adapted to receive a division plate 32 formed of metal. or any suitable material so as to divide the oven into two compartments, said division plate forming a top for the lower oven and a bottom for the upper oven. The inner walls of the upper fines 19 and 20 are provided with supports 33 at their upper ends forming a support for the division plate 32 so that by shifting the division plate from the supports 31 to the supports 33, the capacity of the oven can be increased. The walls of the upper lines are provided with shelf supports 34:, and the ribs of the side pieces 25 form shelf supports for the lower oven.

The front edge of the division plate 32 is provided with a depending flange 32 adapted to be engaged by the lateral flange 18 of the door 15 when the door is in closed position as clearly shown in Fig. 5.

' The side pieces 25 forming the inner walls of the lower side fiues 26 are provided with elongated openings 35 and 35' adjacent their upper ends through which the products of combustion and hot air from the lower side flues enter and are discharged so as to direct by circulation. hot air and products of combustion into the top of the lower oven over the articles being baked therein.

The lower edges of the inner faces of the casings forming the dead air space on the sides of the oven are supported by angular brackets 36 and 37, the bracket 36 extending into the lower side flues a greater distance than the bracket 37 so as to retard the up ward movement of thehot air and products of combustion, as it will be noticed that the casting at this point is extended slightly, and I have found by increasing the size of the bracket to form a bafile that the hot air and products of combustion rising from the burner chamber will be distributed equally into the lower side flues.

In the drawing I have shown a three-tube burner 5 which is supplied with air through the door 3, and auxiliary air inlets 6 formed in the casting 6, as I have found that with an oven constructed as herein shown and described good results can be obtained by providing a multiple tube burner so as to distribute the products of combustion in the burner chamber so that they will pass evenly into the lower side flues.

While I have shown and described an oven constructed to be used in connection with a particular construction of gas or vapor stove, Ido not wish to limit myself to the useofthe detail construction of oven as herein shown and described in connection with the burner chamber as shown, as the oven proper can be manufactured as a unit and used in connection with a gas or vapor stove having a burner in the same manner that portable ovens are now used, as with the construction of oven proper shown and described in this-application in order to ob tain the desired results, it is only necessary that a burner be disposed under the bottom plate which burner has an ample air supply so as to create a free circulation of the hot air and products of combustion through the upper and lower side fines, and in connection with the radiation from the bottom plate and ribbed side plates, the oven is heated in such a manner that it can be readily converted from a single chamber oven to a double chamber oven in which baking can be accomplished in both ovens at the same time.

In the operation of an oven herein shown and described, a portion of the hot air from the burnerchamber travels in the path of the arrows up through the lower side flues into the lower chamber, and then out of the same and by this arrangement the entire capacity of the side flues is directed centrally in the upper chamber through which heat circulates and'passes out through the side openings 22 into the upper side flues from which it passes into the back fines and out of the ventilatin pipe. In use, the bottom plate 28 is heate by the burners so that the heat units created by radiation rise in the lower chamber and pass out through side openings 35 and 35 into the lower side flues and mingle with the hot air and products ofcombustion from the burner chamber so that the upper chamberis supplied with hot air and'products of combustion to such an extent that the same is heated to a degree of temperature that the same can be used for baking purposes. In practice the side pieces 25 forming the inner walls of the lower side flues are formed of cast'metal which become heated to such an extent that chamber having communication with the.

lower side lines so that the hot air and products of combustion are conveyed directly into these chambers, and it will be noted that the inlets for the hot air and products of combustion of the lower chamber are arranged adjacent the upper end thereof or above the center of the oven so that the hot air by circulation will be directed onto the top of the articles being baked, while the inlets to the upper oven are arranged adjacent the bottom of the oven. In this construction, the heat generatedfrom the burner by radiation and circulation passes through both ovens before it escapes therefrom whereby the hot air of the lower oven passes into the upper oven so as to increase the intensity of the temperature thereof to such an extent that the upper oven can be used as a baking oven for articles requiring a slow heat or low temperature, while the lower oven which is arranged directly over the burner and receives the'heat by radiation as well as circulation, is heated tosuch a degree of temperature that articles requiring a greater degree of temperature will be quickly baked therein, the arrangement of the door being such that the articles being baked quickly can be inserted and removed without opening the upper oven so as to avoid reducing the degree of temperatur therein.

While I have shown and described an oven constructed in a particular manner, I do not wish to limit myself to any details of construction except as claimed as the main obj ect to be accomplished is to provide an oven with an adjustable division plate for increasing or decreasing the cubic capacity of the oven in connection with the arrangements of the upper and'lower side fiues, the lower side flues communicating with the superposed oven chambers in such .a manner that the heat unit and products of combustion areutilized to such an extent that the pair of superposed baking ovens are formed in which the degree of temperature varies to such an extent that one of the ovens can be used as a slow baking oven, and the other as a fast baking oven.

I claim:

1. An oven having superposed oven chambers and superposed independent side fiues, the lower side fiues communicating with the superposed oven chambers, and the upper side flues with the upper oven chamber.

2. An oven having independent upper and lower side flues, a removable plate for dividing said oven into two compartments, said lower side fines-communicating respectively with the superposed oven chambers formed by thedivision plate, and the upper side flues communicating with the upper chamber only.

separating to form superposed independent flues, a plate for dividing said oven into superposed chambers, said lower flues having communication with said superposed chambers adjacent said plate. V

4. In an oven, the combination with inner and outer sidewalls arranged to form an oven chamber and provided with independent upper and lower side flues, a division 130 r 3. An oven having inner and outer walls 7 plate arranged within said oven chamber forming superposed chambers, the inner walls of the lower side flues being slotted affording communication with the lower chamber and terminating at their upper ends in the upper chamber, the side walls of the upper flues having openings communicating with the upper chamber.

5. An oven comprising a casing having independent upper and lower side flues to form an oven chamber, a removable plate dividing said oven chamber into superposed chambers, said lower side flues terminating in the upper chamber and provided with openings affording communication with the lower chamber.

6. An oven comprising a casing having independent upper and lower side flues, said upper side flues having inclined bottoms forming deflectors and said lower side flues terminating at their upper ends under said deflectors.

7. An oven having a pair of superposed chambers provided with independent superposed side fiues, the upper side flues having openings communicating with the upper chamber and the lower side flues terminating in the upper chamber and having openings affording communication with the lower chamber. 7

8. An oven comprising a casing having independent upper and lower side flues forming an oven chamber, a division plate arranged within said oven chamber adjacent the upper ends of the lower side flues, said lower side flues having openings affording communication with the lower chamber formed by said division plate.

9. An oven comprising a casing having independent upper and lower side flues forming an oven chamber, a division plate for dividing said chamber into superposed chambers, said lower side 'fiues communieating with said chambers adjacent said division plate.

10. An oven having a pair of superposed chambers provided with independent superposed side flues, the upper side flues having inlet openings and the lower side flues outlet openings and open upper ends, and a division plate for dividing said chamber into superposed chambers arranged betweenthe outlet openings of said lower side flues and the upper ends of said flues.

11. An oven comprising a casing havin dead air chambers on its-sides and provided with vertically disposed back flues, upper side flues having communication with said back flues and provided with inlet openings adjacent the front of the oven, lower side flues terminating under the bottom of the upper side flues and a division plate mounted within said oven forming superposed chambers having communication with the lower side flues adjacent said division plate.

12. An oven comprising a casing having dead air chambers on the sides, vertically disposed back flues, and superposed side flues arranged within said casing to form an oven chamber, a division plate for dividing said oven chamber into superposed chambers, a door for closing said oven chambers having an auxiliary door -affording access to a lower oven chamber, said upper side flues communicating with the upper oven chamber, and the back flues, said lower side fiues terminating at the bottom of the upper side flues affording communication with the upper chamber and having their walls slotted afiording communication with the lower oven chamber.

13. In a stove, a burner chamber having a free air supply, a casing arranged over said burner chamber having back flues and superposed side flues providing an oven chamber, a removable division plate forming superposed oven chambers, said lower side flues having open bottoms affording communica tion with the burner chamber and provided.

with slotted side walls affording communica tion with the lower oven chamber adjacent said division plate, said lower side flues terminating above said division plate affording communication with the upper chamber.

14. In a gas or vapor stove, the combination with a burner chamber, of a casing mounted over said burner chamber having superposed side fluesand vertically disposed back flues, a division plate for dividing said oven into superposed chambers, said upper side flues having communication with the back flues and upper oven chamber, said lower side flues having communication with the burner chamber and the superposed oven chambers.

15. An oven comprising a casing having upper side flues and independent lower side flues, said lower side flues having slotted walls, a division plate carried by the sides of said lower side flues forming superposed oven chambers, said side flues terminating at their upper ends in-the upper oven chamber.

16. An oven for a gas or vapor stove comprising a casing having dead air chambers on its sides and spaced plates forming upper side flues having inclined bottoms forming deflectors, said plates carrying hangers, side pieces carried by said hangers and spaced from the dead air chambers forming lower side flues, a plate carried by the upper end of said side pieces forming superposed chambers, said side pieces having supports carrying a bottom plate.

17. An oven comprising a burner chamber, a casing arranged over said chamber having vertically disposed back flues and superposed side fines to form an oven chamber, the upper side flues having inlet openings and arranged over openings formed in the back flues to afford communication therewith, a plate for dividing said chamber into superposedchambers, said lower side flues having slotted inner walls afl'ording communication with the lower chamber, and open tops and bottoms affording communication with the upper oven chamber and burner chamber.

18. A gas or vapor stove having a burner chamber, an oven arranged over said chamber, comprising a casing having spaced plates on its sides to form dead air chambers, and a spaced plate on its back to form vertical lines, superposedvertical sideflues formed in said casing, a division jplate arranged Within the chamber formed by said casing, one pair of said fines communicating with one of said, chambers formed by the division plate, and -the other pair of said flues communicating with both of said chambersformed by said division plate.

19. An oven. having an oven chamber, hangers carried bythe sides of theoven, detachable side pieces mounted upon said hangersform ing side flues, a division plate carried by said side pieces at their upper ends and a bottomplate carried by the lower ends of said side pieces, said side pieces having opening adjacent their upper endscommunicatmg with the lower oven chamber. 30 i 20, Ano'ven having side pieces forming side ,fiues provided witlropenings adjacent their upper ends, deflectors arranged over the open upper endsloi said side fines, a division plate carried by said side flues forming superposed 'chambers, a bottom plate carried bysaid side pieces, said side flues hav-ing open bottoms communicating with a burnerchamber.

21. An oven comprising a casing, a divisi on plate arranged within said casing forming superposed oven chambers said chambers being provided with independent side fiues, backflues communicating with the side fines of the upper chamber, said lower side flues communicating with a burner chamber and provided with o'pen upper ends communicating with the upper oven chamber.

22. An oven comprising a casing having spaced plates adjacent its upper end to form upper side fiues, said plates having'depending portions iorrning deflectors, and pro 'vided with hangers, removable side pieces carried by saidhangers', forming lower side flues, a'divisionplate carried by the upper ends of said side pieces, a bottom plate carried by the lower end of said side pieces, said lower side flues having open tops and bottoms communicating respectively with a burner chamber, and the upper oven chamber formed by said division plate, the side pieces of the lower side flues being provided with openings afi'ording communication with the lower oven chamber. a

23, An oven comprising a casing adapted to be arranged over a burner chamber and having lower side flues communicating therewith, sald caslng havlng back flues, a divislon plate forming superposed oven chambers, upper side flues communicating respectively with the upper oven chamber and the back flu'es, said lower side flues having openings communicatingwith the lower oven chamber and provided with-open tops and bottoms communicating respectively with the burner chamber and the'upper oven chamber.

24. A stove comprising a casing having spaced plates formingupper'side fluesprovided with obliquely arranged bottoms forming deflectors, lower side fluesv having open tops arranged under said deflectors, a division plate dividing said chamber into superposed oven chambers, the inner walls of the lower side flues having openings affording communication with the lower oven chamber.

25. An oven comprising a casing having vertically disposed back fines andjisuperposed side fines forming independent upper and lower side fines, a iplatejfor dividing said oven into'gsuperposed' oven" chambers, said upper side fines communicating, respectively with theback fluesfand upper oven chamber, said lower side fines communicating respectively with" the superposed oven chambers. f a

26. A gas or vapor stove having a burner chamber, a casing mounted over said chamber forming the outer wall of an oven, plates spaced from the sides of said casing forming dead air chambers, a plate spaced from the back of said .casi-ng, forming, vertical back flues,.plates spaced from thQPlates of the deadl air chambers at theinupper ends 7 having obliquely arranged portions forming upper side flues Wlth-iIICllIIG'CIbOttQIIIS, said upper sidelines having communication with the upper portion of the oven chamber and with the back fines, hangers carried by the plates ofthe upper side flues, side pieces carried by said hangers formlnglowerflside fines, said lower side'ifiue s having open tops arranged under the deflectors, a platecarried bythe upper ends of said side pieces dividing said chambers intosuperposed oven chambers, and a bottom plate carried by the lower ends of saidside pieces forming a bottom for the lower oven chamberpsaid side pieces having openingslaflording communi V cation with the lower oven chamber.

27. An ovenhaving a divisionplate form- 111g superposed oven chambers and provlded w th upper and lower sidelines communieating respectively with said superposed.

chambers, the bottoms 101E said upperside flues forming deflectors for the lower side fine for deflecting the products of combus.

tion centrally into the upper oven chamber.

28. The combination with a burner chamber, of a pair of superposed oven chambers mounted over said burner chamber, said oven chambers being provided with independent side fines, said upper side flues having openings afliording communication with the upper oven chamber, said lower side flues having open tops and bottoms aiiording communication respectively with the upper oven chamber, and the burner chamber, the walls of said lower side flues having openings adjacent their upper ends affording communication with the lower oven chamber.

29. An oven comprising a casing having superposed independent side flues, a removable plate for dividing said oven into superposed oven chambers, the upper side fines of said oven communicating with the upper portions of said oven and the lower side fines of said oven communicating with the central portion of said oven.

30. An oven for gas or vapor stoves having an oven chamber, a removable division plate for increasing or diminishing the cubic capacity thereof and provided with superposed independent side flues, said side fiues having openings affording communication with said oven, the lower side fiues being provided with open tops and bottoms.

31. An oven for gas or vapor stoves comprising a casing adapted to be arranged over a burner chamber having a division plate forming superposed oven chambers, said oven chambers being provided with independent side fiues, the upper side flues having openings afi'ording communication with the upper oven chamber, and the lower side flues having open tops and apertured side walls affording communication with the superposed oven chambers.

In testimony whereof I hereunto affix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES H. STEADMAN.

Witnesses:

D. E. Woooronn, LEW SCHAFFER.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents. Washington, D. G. 

